Euro-Mediterranean Information System on know-how in the Water sector - Examples<span style=""><b style="color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">Implementation of EU
Water Framework Directive in Spain, France and Italy</b><br />
<br />
General WFD principles have been practised in these three countries for
years, even decades. The Directive itself however imposes a more strict and
coherent framework.<br />
<b><br style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" />
</b> <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Agriculture will undergo the
following constraints under the Directive:</span></span> <b><br
style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" />
</b>
<ul>
<li><span style="">an obligation for dialogue with competing water resource
uses with the objective of maintaining a healthy state of
resources</span></li>
<li><span style="">more rigorous management of irrigation particularly
regarding ground water usage</span></li>
<li><span style="">more rational use of fertilisers and pesticides with the
objective of maintaining ground and surface water quality<br />
</span></li>
<li><span style="">increased financial participation in water
management.</span></li>
</ul>
<br />
<span style=""><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">The Directive applies
uniformly to all countries of the European Union. Characteristics specific
to Mediterranean areas are likely to make its application more
difficult:</span><br />
</span>
<ul>
<li><span style="">a climate with contrasting seasons gives rise to a very
irregular hydrological system for fresh surface water</span></li>
<li><span style="">a significant proportion of karstic ground water whose
characteristics are very different to ground water in porous
environments</span></li>
<li><span style="">agriculture that is highly dependent on irrigation
(often the dominant water use); irrigation needs appear during periods when
water resources are least abundant</span></li>
<li><span style="">a large tourist industry that consumes a significant
amount of water during periods of low water levels; tourism contributes to
water pollution whilst simultaneously increasing demand on high quality
water (drinking water, bathing, water sports</span></li>
<li><span style="">large hydraulic installations (built to harness
irregular water supplies in order to satisfy demand) that are themselves
prone to strong seasonal variations.</span></li>
</ul>
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</font>2008-09-04T14:11:59Ztag:www.semide.net,2008-09-04:/initiatives/dce/fol210994http://www.semide.net/misc_/SEMIDE/Site.gifEuro-Mediterranean Information System on know-how in the Water sectorFrancetag:www.semide.net,2008-09-02:/initiatives/dce/fol210994/doc5171932008-09-02T18:05:52ZMiruna BadescuAnne-Marie HarperSpaintag:www.semide.net,2008-09-02:/initiatives/dce/fol210994/doc3198332008-09-02T18:05:52ZMiruna BadescuAnne-Marie HarperItalytag:www.semide.net,2008-09-02:/initiatives/dce/fol210994/url9228852008-09-02T18:05:52ZMiruna BadescuAnne-Marie HarperUKtag:www.semide.net,2008-09-02:/initiatives/dce/fol210994/doc8376842008-09-02T18:05:52ZMiruna BadescuAnne-Marie HarperPilot River Basin Networktag:www.semide.net,2008-09-02:/initiatives/dce/fol210994/doc2314222008-09-02T18:05:52ZMiruna BadescuAnne-Marie HarperWEST projecttag:www.semide.net,2008-09-02:/initiatives/dce/fol210994/doc1469682008-09-02T18:05:52ZMiruna BadescuAnne-Marie HarperEconomics and the Framework Directive (OIEau)<br />Other examplestag:www.semide.net,2008-09-02:/initiatives/dce/fol210994/doc4154322008-09-02T18:05:52ZMiruna BadescuAnne-Marie Harper